Eurovision Song Contest

1 9 5 6 - Current (Europe)

It has been called “a monument to drivel” but the annual show has topped television ratings since the first contest was held in Switzerland in 1956. The Eurovision Song Contest is a live, televised music competition that has consistently received widespread ridicule ever since its debut. Yet, as its longevity indicates, the program's importance within European television history is undeniable. While critics plead for the plug to be pulled on this annual celebration of pop mediocrity, the Eurovision Song Contest  continues unabated, extending its media reach (if not its musical scope) from year to year. 

The Eurovision Song Contest  is the flagship of Eurovision light entertainment programming. Eurovision is the television network supervised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), and was established in the early 1950s to serve two functions: to share the costs of programming with international interest between the broadcasting services of  member nations, and to promote cultural appreciation and identification throughout western Europe. 

In the 1950s, EBU officials, perceiving the need for the dissemination of popular cultural programming to offset the influence of the American media, decided to extend Italy's San Remo Song Festival into a pan-European occasion.  This became the Eurovision Song Contest, the first of which was held in Lugano, Switzerland, and was relayed to less than ten nations. 

Since that time the contest has developed into a spring ritual now viewed by 600 million people in 35 countries, including several in Asia and the Middle East (who don't even send representatives to the competition).

The Eurovision Song Contest showcases pop music talent that typically ranges from the indescribably bad, through the insufferably indifferent, to a few catchy little numbers.  Contestants are chosen by their respective nations during earlier preliminary stages. The duly nominated acts, as cultural ambassadors for their country, then attend the big event and perform their tune. Conventionally, the host nation is determined by the winner of the previous year's contest.  The Eurovision Song Contest  is designed to  be a grand affair, with expensive sets, full orchestra accompaniment, and a "special night out" atmosphere. 

Following the performances, panels of judges from each nation call in their point  allocations to the central auditorium where the contest is taking place, and a "high-tech" scoreboard tabulates the cumulative scores. 

As even the most ardent of critics will attest, this is a special moment for home viewers - old rivalries and cultural differences inevitably combine for curious effect  with the juries seemingly throwing objectivity to the wind and voting according to national prejudice, cultural favouritism and hatred: Norway always loves Sweden and Greece always loves Cyprus (which hates Turkey). Croatia loves Bosnia, but Israel hates Germany. Russia are always nasty towards former Soviet republics Lithuania and Estonia. 27 winners have been female, while only 7 have been men. Israel’s 1998 winner Dana International was a bit of both!

While the main claim to fame of the contest must be the "discovery" of ABBA, it has also given the world such lyrical masterpieces as La La La, Ding Dinge Dong, A-Ba-Ni-Bi and even Boom Bang-A-Bang from the United Kingdom (or Royaume-Uni as we are known once a year). The organisers defend the contest by saying the songs are catchy . . . but so was the plague!

TRIVIA NOTE
It is a commonly held misconception that Cliff Richard won the contest in 1968, with Congratulations, but he didn't - he actually came second.  The only person to have performed and won more than once is Johnny Logan who won the contest  for Ireland in 1980 and again in 1987.

The Winners